Managing individual differences

Managing individual differencesIntroductionIndividual differ from each other is global fact. Both inherited and external factor argon responsible in our development. It is important task for all managers and leaders to understand individual differences and overly to integrate to individual and the nerve, to provide a better functional environment that gives job satisfaction to their employees as well as help them to achieve organisational goals. The writing emphasizes on hoe individuals differ from each other in terms of values, personality and attitudes by employ different academic theories such as Schwartz value theory, the big fin personality theory, MBTI etc. It overly reflects on diversity at workforce and its importance to create productive environment. It concludes that managers should extremity to balance amidst needs and expectations to achieve success.Literature reviewIndividual differences is a study of human psychology which in the first place concentrates on differences or similarities among individual on different psychological aspects such as their values, personality, attitude, intelligence and interest, perception, ethnical origin. Some people relieve oneself believed that their personality is heavily influenced by their hereditary characteristics and it volition never change, others conceive of the reverse. (Mullins, 2011)Organizational behaviour According to Huczynski and Buchanan (2011) organizational fashion has argumentative or controversial relationship with way practice. It is the study of individual and group involves understanding, prediction and control of human behavior which helps to achieve or advance organizational performance and effectiveness (Mullins, 2011). Individual differences influencing work behaviorValues According to Schwartz (1992), values ar based on personal and social factors, it is set of beliefs and goals that serve as guiding principles in unrivalleds life. Values are important to individual to tend to have an effect on the types of finis they deliver, how they perceive their environment and their actual behaviors. This is very difficult role of managers to understand values of their co workers, a customer, their superiors or other organizations. Understanding values is critical in align organizational behavior and managing people. at that place are ten types of universal values and some are the values are mutually exclusive. Source fitted from Clegg et.al, 2011 For examplePersonalityIt is the study of psychological qualities that have an influence on individuals stable aspects of behavior and internal states of mind that help explain a persons behavior tendencies. (Clegg et.al, 2011) Independence, conscientiousness, agreeableness and egotism control these are the examples of personality characteristics. To understand personality and individuals behavior in organization psychologist have busy different techniques and ways of categorize the personality qualities.T he big five personality traitsResearchers have identified 171 traits on which individual can be ranked and then list was prepared to reduce number of traits by identifying the similarities and combining them. After the study of 171 traits only five major traits was found to be value for ingestion in organizational situations.If managers want to achieve organizational goals then they have to concentrate on these five personality dimensions.The Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)This tool is designed by Isabel Briggs Myers and Katherine Briggs measures their preferences on four pairs of trait which was before proposed by Carl Jung in nineteenth century. This is most widely used instrument in the world. Participants are sort out on four axes to determine one of 16 possible personality types such as, ENTJExtraversion-Introversion related to vox populi energetic and comfortable. Extraversions are more energetic in group while introversion are more energetic and productive in alone.S ensing and intuiting related to collecting information for solving problem.Thinking and face based on evaluation alternatives for decision makingJudging and perceiving related to orientation of a person to the outside of the world.AttitudesAccording to (Arnold.et al, 2005) attitude is a tendency to think, believe or perform in a particular way toward some object. Attitudes have three components namely, feel- affective component, think cognitive component and persuade behavioral component. In every organization each employee hold different type of attitudes than others and it helps them to get find to their work environment by providing interpreting things or happiness in the work. Knowledge, expressive, instrumental and ego- defensive these are the main functions of attitudes in the workplace.Many organizations conduct attitude survey, Likert techniques and questionnaires to understand values and attitudinal climate of the organization and also to analyze the views and opini ons of staff members on a particular issue or on the organization itself. So, the managers make changes which will be beneficial to the organization and individual as well. Surveys can encourage to employees to get involved, management also considers employees opinions, and also provide effective communication which helps managers to achieve success.Job satisfactionIt is a validatory attitude of employees has towards their job resulting from an evaluation of characteristics. It is closely related to motivation and performance. With the help of Job Descriptive world power (JDI) and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) managers can measured workers job satisfaction towards job and organization.Diversity in workplaceDiversity is concerned with valuing individual differences. Work place diversity means variety of differences that individual have in organization. It consists of visible and non-visible have-to doe withity and differences such as, age, gender, race, personality, education background, personality and disability equality and more. The success of organization depends on individual difference and diversity which gives importance to team spirit. In the last few geezerhood been given lot of attention to managing diversity because of social attitudes changing as per the situation, all employees get equal chance to perform, develop high level skills and also for demographical changes in the organization. (Mullins, 2011)Equal opportunities to managing diversityAll workers in the organisation should get equal opportunities to perform better and manager may not treat other than one employees than other because of their religion, age, educational qualification, work experience, race, knowledge and skills and should be treat them differently on the their scratch achievement, better performance, appraisal.ConclusionIndividuals play important role in every organization. Above discussion provides fodder for thought to understand and respect individual d ifferences and diversity to bring best in people who will help organization by increasing productivity and by providing a competitive edge. Successful managers need to achieve balance between needs and expectations to reach ladder of success.ReferencesHuczynski A and David B (2013), Organizational behaviour, eighth edition, Pearson publication, Harrow.Clegg S, Pitsis T and Komberger M (2011), Managing and organizations Introduction to theory into practice, 3rd Ed. SAGE publication, London.Mullins L (2011), Management and organizational behaviour, 8th edition, Pearson education, Newyork.Mazur B (2010), Cultural diversity in organizational theory and practice. Journal of Intercultural Management, Vol.2, Pg.no.5-15Page 1